Plan 9
Plan9 is a UNIX inspired non-commercial graphical research OS. It has a lot of interesting ideas, pushing the “everything is a file” philosophy to the limit. It is very different from UNIX and can take some time getting used to it.
System update
To update the system, webfs must be running, since we need to sync the mercurial repository. This is probably one of the first things you want to do after a fresh install.
webfs
sysupdate
cd /sys/src
mk clean
mk installRio
Rio is the window-manager of Plan 9. It has a lot of nice ideas and relies on a 3 button mouse for all operations. Left click (mouse 1) is used to select text and put the cursor on the desired location. Right click (mouse 3) will open Rio menu if used on the desktop or terminal, which allow us to create new windows, resize, move, delete or hide them. Middle click will open the terminal options such as copy and paste.
Combining mouse presses (also known as “chording”) can be used to different effects. For example selecting text with mouse 1 and without releasing it, pressing the middle button (mouse 2) will cut the text. If we then hold mouse 1 and press mouse 3 the contents will be pasted. To copy text (snarf) instead of cutting it, just follow the cut with a paste before releasing mouse 1, so (hold) mouse 1 -> (press) mouse 2 -> (press) mouse 3.
For scrollable windows, using the scroll wheel works as expected. Pressing mouse 1 or mouse 3 directly on the scroll bar will scroll up or down respectively. Pressing and holding mouse 2 allow us to drag scroll.
Graphical programs will replace the terminal when run and may interact differently with mouse usage. For example in acme middle click on some text will attempt to execute it (e.g. mouse 2 on Newcol text will create a new column and highlighting ls $home and pressing mouse 2 on it will execute the command as if ran on the terminal and paste the output on a new buffer).
To customize the look and feel of Rio and add a wallpaper if desired see this.
UNIX command translation
UNIX Plan 9 from Bell Labs
`command` `{ command }
.profile $home/lib/profile
^C (Ctrl+C) DEL key -- doesn't work without rio(4) though.
~ $home
/usr/$user/
~username /usr/username
"$@" $*
1>&2 >[2=1]
apropos lookman(1)
at specific-time while (! ~ (`{ date }) (specific-time)); commands
cc one of ones in 0c(1) followed by the same of 0l(1)
pcc(1) for Standard C/POSIX programs
cp -r /foo/ /bar/ mkdir /bar/foo/ && dircp /foo/ /bar/foo/
crontab -e sam /cron/$user/cron
curl http://foo/bar hget http://foo/bar > bar
wget http://foo/bar (progress bar, -t for ascii) hget -v -o bar http://foo/bar |[2] aux/statusbar [-t] 'downloading'
cut awk -F ...
apt-get dist-upgrade
rpm -Ua
yum -c update /usr/glenda/bin/rc/pull
apt-get install
rpm -i package
yum -c install package 9fs sources ; cd /n/sources/
/n/sources/contrib/fgb/root/rc/bin/contrib/install fgb/contrib ; contrib/install $who/$what
df disk/kfscmd check
echo fsys all df | con -l /srv/fscons
df in fossilcons(8)
ee sam
emacs acme
jim
joe
nano
pico
vi
xedit
expr hoc -e
find du -a | grep pattern
grep pattern `{du -a root}
-name du -a root | grep name
pattern in a file grep -n pattern `{du -a root | awk '{print $2}'}
-exec cp '{}' x ';' cp `{ du -a | grep pattern } x
fsck echo fsys all check fix | con -l /srv/fscons
if running venti, for a thorough fix: echo fsys all check fix venti snapshot | con -l /srv/fscons
ftp ftpfs host.domain (Remote files apear in /n/ftp).
ftpd aux/listen ftp
getopt getflags(8)
groff -l troff | lp
grops dpost - see troff(1)
head sed 10q
hwclock cat '#r/rtc'
aux/timesync
id echo $user
cat /dev/user
grep `{cat /dev/user} /adm/users
grep $user /adm/users
iostat iostats(4)
ifconfig(IP address) cat /net/ndb
ifconfig ip/ipconfig ether /net/ether0 add 192.168.1.32
ip/ipconfig # let dhcp do it
kill pid stop processname | rc
echo stop > /proc/pid/ctl
(in both cases, switch stop with start to get it back)
kill -9 pid slay processname | rc
kill -KILL pid echo kill > /proc/pid/ctl
ld one of the ones in 0l(1)
ls lc -F
lspci pci -v
make mk (not exactly the same)
if necessary, use make in ape/psh
man -k lookman(1)
less
more p
mount [-p flag] bind(1)
unmount(1)
9fs(1)
srv(1)
import(4)
exportfs(4)
-p ns(1)
mount /dev/fd0 /mnt a: ; cd /n/a:
mount /dev/acd0 /mnt 9660srv
mkdir /n/9660
mount /srv/9660 /n/9660 /dev/sdD0/data
netcat -l aux/listen1 -t tcp!*!$port command
netstat [-r flag] netstat(1)
-r cat /net/iproute
nfsstat iostats(4)
nslookup ndb/dnsquery
passwd auth/changeuser username (first time)
passwd (subsequent times)
paste [FILE] ... pr -m [FILE] ...
PATH=$PATH:... bind -a directory /bin
ping ip/ping
pkginfo wrap(8)
reboot fshalt -r (note that there is a reboot command, but it doesn't call fshalt)
rmdir rm(1)
With contents inside: rm -r dir
sh rc(1)
if necessary, ape/psh
shutdown fshalt(8)
echo reboot > /dev/reboot
echo panic > /dev/reboot
snoop snoopy(8)
source .
startx rio (replaces 8½ and help)
launch (Andrew Project)
mux (Blit's wm)
tar xzf file.tgz tar xf file.tgz
tcpdump snoopy(8)
traceroute ip/traceroute
tree du $* | awk '{print $2}' | sort | sed 's/[^\/]+\// /g'
ufs{dump|restore} yesterday(1)
history(1)
fs(4)
vigr [Adding a new user]
vipw
vlock http://mirtchovski.com/lanlp9/rlock
(specify password at invocation)
vmstat stats(1)
cat /dev/sysstat
cat /dev/swap
which whatis
xbiff faces
xclock clock
games/catclock
faces
xditview troff | page
troff | proof
xload stats -l
xlock /n/sources/contrib/steve/conslock
(authenticates against authentication server)
xlogo window 'hget http://plan9.bell-labs.com/plan9/img/plan9bunnysmblack.jpg | page'
xman cat man -t cat | page
xv file.jpg page file.jpg
xwininfo winwatch
yes while() { echo y }
yes arg while() { echo arg }Source: https://9p.io/wiki/plan9/Unix_to_Plan_9_command_translation/index.html